SemenMar

„Immunological Infertility“ describes the absence of a concept as a result of an impaired immune system of the reproductive organs. The vast majority of these disorders are based on the presence of anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) that can occur in both genders. Immunoglobulins (antibodies) are considered as defense mechanisms of the body against foreign objects or substances. When the body detects a „foreign“ substance, it tries to build an immunity using antibodies against the substance. However, in the case of anti-sperm antibodies, the body recognizes the sperm as foreign, it then builds antibodies against it and affects the reproductive process. The antibodies build by the defense system of a woman inhibit the sperm to enter through the cervical mucus and to reach the egg. In men, antibodies which bind to the spermatozoa impede the passage of sperm through the cervical mucus. Causes for the development of these antibodies may be infections and / or injury to the genital tract or an autoimmune disease.
Sperm antibodies in the ejaculate belong almost always to the IgA and / or IgG classes. Data suggest that IgA antibodies are more clinically relevant than IgG antibodies, but rarely occur alone. The antibody in ASA of serum is predominantly IgG, but in ASA of the ejaculate or cervical mucus it is IgA.